Yuyang Song* and Rong Huang
*College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, China (yuyangsong@nwsuaf.edu.cn)

The rain-shelter cultivation model offers protection against heavy rainfall in wine regions affected by continental climates with monsoonal tendencies, as this impacts wine terroir. Here, we investigate the effects of this cultivation mode, associated meteorological factors, and phenological periods on the diversity of grape-related microorganisms. Actinomycetes, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were the primary bacterial phyla in vineyards, while Ascomycota and Anthophyta were the most important
fungal phyla. The soil had a more complex bacterial composition than the leaves, branches, and fruit. Fungal diversity between tissues was similar, but not bacterial diversity. Based on the interactive analysis of meteorological factors and microbial diversity, we conclude that air temperature and UV had the greatest impact on com- munity composition and bacterial species variation. The contribution of precipitation and soil humidity on fungal distribution was significant. Overall, the differences in meteorological factors caused by the cultivation modes significantly regulated distribution of microorganisms. Understanding the succession of the microbial community and how the microclimate influences the microbial community structure has direct practical significance in wine terroir and could provide information on sustainable management practices to maintain and enhance microbial diversity.

Funding Support: (1) National Key R&D Program of China (Item no. 2019YFD1002500); (2) National Natural Science Foundation of China (31501463); (3) China Agriculture Research System (grant no. CARS-29-jg-03); (4) Viticulture Experiment Station scientific and technological transformative project of Northwest A&F University (TGZX2019-27); (5) The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2452020177).